果树采收集果装置的试验台设计文献综述

 2022-08-04 11:48:24

“果树采收集果装置的试验台设计”文献综述

摘 要:我国林果产业正蓬勃发展。近年来,矮化密植种植成为部分林果,尤其是红枣的主要种植方式,种植面积在不断增加。但采收却依靠人工进行,劳动强度大、生产率低且劳动力短缺、劳动力成本高,机械化程度较低,难以满足现在我国林果产业对于产量的要求。本文总结了国内外对于林果采收,特别是是矮化密植种植模式下的采收方式以及集果装置,着重介绍了国内的连续性采收集果装置,并在此基础上分析对比,为未来的针对矮化密植种植模式下的红枣连续性采收集果装置提供一个可行性的方案。

关键词:红枣;集果装置;矮化密植

Summary for Design of test bench for fruit collection and harvesting device

Abstract:Chinas fruit industry is booming. In recent years,dwarf and close planting become some fruit planting ,especially the main planting patterns of red dates,planting area is increasing.But the harvest is still relying on artificial,with high labor intensity,low productivity and labor shortage,high labor costs,and the lower the degree of mechanization.Now Chinas fruit industry is difficult to meet the requirements for production.This paper summarizes fruit harvesting in China and abroad,especially dwarfing and close planting cultivation patterns of harvest and the fruit collecting device,emphatically introduces the continuity of harvesting the fruit collecting device at home,and on the basis of comparative analysis,providing a fruit collecting device the feasibility of the scheme for the future for dwarfing close planting cultivation patterns of continuous harvesting red dates.

Key Words:Red dates;Fruit collecting device;Dwarfing and close planting

0 引言

2012年干果产量在100万吨以上的省(区)有4个,即新疆(162.73万吨)、山东(115.36万吨)、河北(109.29万吨)和陕西(103.48万吨)。这4个省(区)的产量为490.86万吨,占全国干果产量的49.74%[1]。目前,新疆已形成了我国最具发展前景的优质红枣产业带[2]。然而,我国林果产业生产标准化不足,产业系统效率低。从果树系统培育到生产、加工各个环节,我国的各项单项技术几乎都达到国际先进水平,但是整个行业系统效率却与国外有较大差距[3]

近年来,随着国务院和各级地方政府大力实施“退耕还林”,“天然林保护”等重点林业工程,坚持林业生态建设和农民增收相结合,把经济林产业化发展列入当地经济建设和群众脱贫致富的主导产业,进行重点开发,政府推动,产业带动,科技促进,按照区域化布局,标准化实施,产业化发展的要求,提质增效,使林果生产取得一定的成效[4]

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