淀粉塑料的发展现状综述
摘要
在人类的物质文明发展中，材料充当着不可或缺的角色。塑料是应用最广泛的材料，1998年世界塑料产量约1.5亿吨,仅中国近年来包装用塑料就已超过400万吨。按其中30%为难以收集的一次性塑料包装材料和制品计算,则废弃物产生量达120万吨,如此庞大难降解“白色污染”物严重污染环境[1]。 另外,石油资源日趋枯竭,因而寻找新的对环境友好塑料原料,发展非石油基聚合物迫在眉睫。淀粉有着能再生、廉价、易保存和便于运输的特点,在一定条件下可进行各种反应,派生出众多衍生物[2]。而淀粉良好的可利用性和生物降解性使其成为生物降解材料的良好原料。因此对淀粉塑料的研究不仅可以缓解资源问题，而且可以解决污染问题，从而可实现可持续发展。
本文简述了文简述了目前国内外淀粉塑料发展现状并对淀粉塑料存在的主要问题进行了分析，指出了其研究和发展的前景是十分广阔的。并且对如何增强淀粉塑料的性能做出对应的实验设计。
关键词： 淀粉塑料；可降解； 发展；成本；
The present situation and trend of starch plastics
ABSTRACT
In the human material civilization development, material plays an essential role. Plastic is the most widely used materials, about 1.5 tons in 1998 World plastics production in recent years, only Chinese packing with plastic has been more than 4 million tons. According to which 30% of disposable plastic packaging materials and products, it is difficult to collect the waste generated amount of calculation is 1 million 200 thousand tons, so large to serious environmental pollution degradation of 'white pollution'. In addition, the increasing depletion of oil resources, and thus find a new environmentally friendly plastic raw materials, the development of non oil based polymers is imminent. Starch has can be renewable, cheap, easy preservation and convenient transportation, under certain conditions can be a variety of reaction and many derived derivatives. While the starch availability and good biodegradability makes it a good raw material for biodegradable materials. So the research of starch plastics not only can To ease the problem of resources, but also can solve the problem of pollution, so as to achieve sustainable development.
This paper introduces the current development status of starch plastic at home and abroad and the main problems of starch plastics are analyzed, and points out its research and development prospects are very broad. And how to enhance the performance of starch plastics to make the corresponding experimental design
